CHAPTER 10: TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATIONS
10.1 (a) TRANSPORT
(i) Meaning and Importance:
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- Meaning: The movement of goods and people.
- Importance: Overcomes the hindrance of place, widens the market, facilitates specialization, stabilizes prices.
(ii) Forms of Transport – Land, Water, Air and Pipeline. Advantages and Disadvantages of Each
| Form of Transport | Advantages | Disadvantages |
| Road | Flexible (door-to-door), cheap for short distances | Slow for long distances, costly for heavy bulk, subject to traffic |
| Rail | Best for bulky goods over long distances, high carrying capacity, safe | Lack of flexibility (fixed track), slow speed, costly to construct and maintain |
| Water | Cheapest for very bulky goods, essential for international trade | Very slow, risk of shipwreck, limited to coastal and inland waterways |
| Air | Fastest, suitable for perishable and high-value goods | Most expensive, limited carrying capacity, affected by weather |
| Pipeline | Safe, reliable, continuous flow | High initial cost, only suitable for liquids and gases, inflexible route |
If you want, I can also convert this into short exam notes or multiple-choice questions for practice.
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(iii) Functions of Seaports and Airports
- Seaports: Provide berthing facilities, cargo handling (loading/unloading), warehousing (transit sheds), and customs inspection.
- Airports: Provide runways and air traffic control, cargo terminals, and customs facilities for air freight.
10.2 (b) COMMUNICATION – MEANING, IMPORTANCE AND SERVICES
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- Meaning: The transfer of information from a sender to a receiver.
- Importance: Facilitates quick decision-making, coordinates business activities, enables advertising and marketing.
- Services:
- Post Office: Mail, parcel post, money orders, savings accounts.
- Courier Agencies: Specialized, faster delivery of documents and parcels than the regular post office.
- Other Agents: Telecommunication (mobile, internet), satellite broadcasting.
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